Henke is a surname, and may refer to:
People:
- Brad William Henke (born 1966), American actor
- Ed Henke (born 1927), former National Football League player
- Ernst Ludwig Theodor Henke (1804-1872), German historian
- Fritz Henke (1921-1999), World War II Waffen SS soldier awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
- Heinrich Philipp Konrad Henke (1752-1809), German theologian; father of Ernst Henke
- Holger Henke (born 1960), political scientist and assistant provost at York College, City University of New York
- Jana Henke (born 1973), German former swimmer
- Jonathan Henke (born 1974), American political blogger
- Karl Henke (1896-1945), World War II German general
- Michael Henke (born 1957), German football coach and former player
- Nolan Henke (born 1964), American golfer
- Thaddäus Haenke (1761-1816), Bohemian geographer and explorer in South America
- Tom Henke (born 1957), retired Major League Baseball relief pitcher
- Wayne J. Henke (born 1941), member of the Missouri House of Representatives
- Werner Henke (1909-1944), World War II German submarine commander
Fictional characters:
- Michelle Henke, in David Weber's Honorverse science fiction book series
- Skezz Henke, in the HBO television drama Oz