Harvard Citation
Parenthetical referencing, also known as Harvard referencing, is a citation style in which partial citations— for example (Smith 2010, p. 1)—are enclosed within parentheses (round brackets) and embedded in the text, either within or after a sentence, as opposed to the footnote style. They are accompanied by a list of the full citations in alphabetical order in an end section, which is usually called "references," "reference list," "works cited" or "end-text citations."
There are two styles of parenthetical referencing:
- Author-date: primarily used in the sciences and social sciences, and recommended by the American Chemical Society and the American Psychological Association (APA);
- Author-title or author-page: primarily used in the arts and the humanities, and recommended by the Modern Language Association (MLA).
Read more about Harvard Citation: Origins and Use, Author-date, Author-title, Content Notes
Famous quotes containing the word harvard:
“As a medium of exchange,... worrying regulates intimacy, and it is often an appropriate response to ordinary demands that begin to feel excessive. But from a modernized Freudian view, worrying—as a reflex response to demand—never puts the self or the objects of its interest into question, and that is precisely its function in psychic life. It domesticates self-doubt.”
—Adam Phillips, British child psychoanalyst. “Worrying and Its Discontents,” in On Kissing, Tickling, and Being Bored, p. 58, Harvard University Press (1993)