Industrial Zone
Haifa Bay's extensive industrial zone, with its shore-based oil refineries and chemical and metals fabrication plants, has led to pollution of the bay and a higher incidence of cancer in the surrounding communities, though air pollution in the region is expected to be significantly reduced with major plants in the area expected to switch to using natural gas as their primary fuel source after the new national natural gas distribution grid was extended to the region in early 2011. The 76-meter high twin cooling towers of the Haifa oil refinery are a nationally recognized icon for the city. For this reason, they have been left intact, though they are no longer actually used since technological advancements in refining have made them obsolete.
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