Haida Argillite Carvings - Timeline Synopsis

Timeline Synopsis

• 1820: Oval pipes and pipe panels are the most popular form created in argillite.
• 1830: The pipe panel configuration becomes more popular than the oval pipe form. This change is paralleled by a movement toward more Western-style images. Also, single figure pipes and Western-type pipes make an appearance at this time.
• 1840: Oval pipes are being produced less, while the pipe panel and panel forms have become common. Single figures now are generally representing American or European males.
• 1840–1860: Buyer preference for dishes, as well as flutes and other utensils.
• 1865: A large change in tradition occurs; totem poles and house posts begin to appear. This change begins a period of time where more traditional images make their way into argillite carving. Very few Western themed carvings are seen after this date.
• 1870: Continued increase in Indigenous themes. The first flat house posts are seen, as well as free standing house posts which become more popular after 1875.
• 1880: Another increase in object types occurs around this date. Also making an appearance are multiple figure carvings which become most common during this time.
• 1890: A resurgence of the popularity of the pipe occurs, albeit with increased decoration. Individual single figure popularity also increases again. The totem pole model continues to be sought after at this time, a trend that continues to the present.
• 1900–1910: Steady production of the creation of figures and poles.
• 1910–1960: Most items manufactured are small (6 inches or less). Only a few artists are carving large pieces at this time. Poles are manufactured and sold to stores and galleries.
• 1960: Interest in Native American cultural revival causes an increase in argillite carving of all shapes and sizes.