Climate
Groningen has a cool temperate climate similar to most of the Netherlands, although slightly colder in winter than other major cities in the Netherlands due to its northeasterly position. Weather is influenced by the North Sea to the north-west and its prevailing north-western winds and gales. Winter temperatures are cool: on average above freezing, although frosts are common during spells of easterly winds blowing in from the inner European continent, i. e. Germany, Russia and even Siberia. Night-time temperatures of −10 °C (14 °F) or lower are not uncommon during cold winter periods. The lowest temperature ever recorded is −26.8 °C (−16.2 °F) on February 16, 1956. Snow often falls, but rarely stays consecutively due to warmer daytime temperatures although white snowy days happen every winter. Summers are somewhat warm and humid. Temperatures of 30 °C (86 °F) or higher occur sporadically, most average daytime highs are around 22 °C (72 °F). Very rainy periods are common, especially in spring and summer. Average annual precipitation is about 800 mm. Sunshine hours vary, but are usually lacking below 1600 hours, giving much cloud cover similar to most of the Netherlands.
| Climate data for Groningen (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) |
15.2 (59.4) |
22.7 (72.9) |
27.7 (81.9) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.1 (91.6) |
34.7 (94.5) |
30.5 (86.9) |
24.8 (76.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
15.4 (59.7) |
34.7 (94.5) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.0 (48.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
17.4 (63.3) |
19.9 (67.8) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.9 (57.0) |
8.7 (47.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
13.4 (56.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.4 (36.3) |
2.4 (36.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
14.9 (58.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
10.0 (50.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.9 (37.2) |
9.3 (48.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
1.4 (34.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
11.6 (52.9) |
9.3 (48.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
2.9 (37.2) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −22 (−7.6) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−2.3 (27.9) |
0.1 (32.2) |
4.1 (39.4) |
3.2 (37.8) |
0.8 (33.4) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−13.6 (7.5) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−22 (−7.6) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 74.2 (2.921) |
51.4 (2.024) |
64.3 (2.531) |
42.1 (1.657) |
58.0 (2.283) |
71.2 (2.803) |
79.4 (3.126) |
70.9 (2.791) |
78.3 (3.083) |
74.0 (2.913) |
75.0 (2.953) |
73.4 (2.89) |
812.1 (31.972) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 13 | 10 | 12 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 136 |
| Avg. snowy days | 8 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 31 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 54.2 | 78.7 | 117.2 | 171.6 | 210.0 | 187.0 | 199.1 | 183.9 | 137.0 | 107.2 | 56.5 | 47.5 | 1,550.0 |
| Source #1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1981−2010 normals at Groningen Airport Eelde) | |||||||||||||
| Source #2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1971−2000 extremes at Groningen Airport Eelde) | |||||||||||||
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