Validity
The validity of Graphoanalysis has been demonstrated by Crumbaugh, James C & Stockholm, Emilie (1977). This study has been replicated by other researchers.
A major shortcoming is the lack of published studies of both the individual stroke structures, and the clusters of individual stroke structures. Thus far, there have been no comprehensive, systematic research studies of either the strokes, or the stroke clusters. There is some published research that implies that stroke clusters do correlate with some sub-scores, on various psychological tests.
The published reliability studies on Graphoanalysis have used very few --- typically less than five --- analysts. The immediate consequence is that it is demonstrated to have high reliability.
The only Normative project was The IGAS Trait Norm Project published in 1980. The critics of this study had a field day, demonstrating poor research design and methodology.
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Famous quotes containing the word validity:
“Once one is caught up into the material world not one person in ten thousand finds the time to form literary taste, to examine the validity of philosophic concepts for himself, or to form what, for lack of a better phrase, I might call the wise and tragic sense of life.”
—F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940)
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“The hardiest skeptic who has seen a horse broken, a pointer trained, or has visited a menagerie or the exhibition of the Industrious Fleas, will not deny the validity of education. “A boy,” says Plato, “is the most vicious of all beasts;” and in the same spirit the old English poet Gascoigne says, “A boy is better unborn than untaught.””
—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)