Gottschalk is a male (Old High German Godescalc, Latinized Godeschalcus or Godescalcus) German name, literally translating to "servant of God."
People called Gottschalk:
- Godescalc of Benevento, 8th-century Lombard duke
- Godescalc (781–783fl. 781–783), Carolingian scribe; author of the Godescalc Evangelistary
- Gottschalk of Orbais, a 9th-century theologian, poet, and unwilling monk, best known as a hero of the Jansenists and for his conflict with Hincmar
- Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, Bishop of Freising, beneficiary of the 996 Ostarrîchi document
- Gottschalk (Slavic prince), 11th-century Slavic Prince of the Wends (Saint Gottschalk)
- a 12th-century Holstein peasant, protagonist of the Visio Godeschalci
As a surname:
- Carl W. Gottschalk (1922–1997) American professor and kidney researcher
- John Gottschalk Newspaper Publisher
- Joseph Gottschalk (1950–2003) American cycling exhibitionist
- Louis Moreau Gottschalk (1829–1869) American composer and pianist
- Louis F. Gottschalk (1864–1934) American composer
- Louis A. Gottschalk (1916–2008) American psychiatrist
- Thomas Gottschalk, German entertainer and actor (born 1950)
- Alfred Gottschalk (biochemist), German biochemist
- Alfred Gottschalk (Rabbi)