| Definition |
Etymology |
In other languages |
| abhidhamma A category of scriptures that attempts to use Buddhist teachings to create a systematic, abstract description of all worldly phenomena |
- abhi is "above" or "about", dhamma is "teaching"
- Pāli: abhidhamma
- Sanskrit: abhidharma
|
- Bur: အဘိဓမ္မာ abhidhamma
- Tib: chos mngon pa
- Mn: их ном, билиг ухаан; ikh nom, bilig ukhaan
- Thai: อภิธรรม a-pi-tam
- 阿毘達磨／阿毗昙
- Cn: Āpídámó
- Jp: Abidatsuma
- Ko: 아비달마, Abidalma
- Vi: a-tì-đạt-ma
|
| Abhidhamma Pitaka The third basket of the Tripitaka canon, the reorganization of all doctrines in a systematic way |
- Pāli: Abhidhamma-piṭaka
- Sanskrit: Abhidharma-piṭaka
|
- Bur: အဘိဓမ္မာပိဋကတ် Abidhamma Pitakat
- Mon: အဘိဓဝ်ပိတကတ
- Thai: อภิธรรมปิฎก a-pi-tam-pi-dok
- 論藏, 論蔵
- Cn: Lùnzàng
- Jp: Ronzō
- Ko: 논장, Nonjang
- Vi: Luận tạng, Tạng luận, tạng thứ ba trong ba tạng là kinh, luật và luận
- Mn: Илт ном, Ilt nom
|
| acariya, lit. "teacher", One of the two teachers of a novice monk - the other one is called upādhyāya |
- Pāli: ācariya
- Sanskrit: ācārya
|
- Bur: ဆရာ saya
- Shan: ဢႃႇၸရီႉယႃႉ atsariya
- Thai: อาจารย์ ajahn
- 阿闍梨 or 阿闍梨耶
- Cn: āshélí or āshélíyē
- Jp: ajari or ajariya
- Ko: 아사리, asari or 아사리야 asariya
- Vi: a-xà-lê or a-xà-lê-da
|
| adhitthana Determination, to pray, to wish |
- Pāli: Adhiṭṭhāna
- Sanskrit:
|
- Bur: အဓိဋ္ဌာန်
- Thai: อธิษฐาน ah-tid-taan
- 決心 or 決意
- Cn: Juéxīn, juéyì
- Jp: kesshin
- Ko: 결심, gyeolsim or 결의, gyeolui
- Vi:
|
| Agama The non-Mahayana divisions of the Sutra Pitaka |
|
- Pāli: Āgama (but usually called Nikāya)
- 阿含
- Cn: Āhán
- Jp: Agon
- Ko: 아함, Aham
- Vi: A-hàm
|
| ahimsa The devotion to non-violence and respect for all forms of life. Practicers of ahimsa are often vegetarians or vegans |
- Sanskrit: ahiṃsā
- Pāli: ahiṃsā
|
- Thai: อหิงสา 'ah-hing-sa'
- 不害
- Cn: bù hài
- Jp: fugai
- Ko: 불해, bulhae
- Vi: bất hại
|
| Akshobhya |
|
- Mn: ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ;
- 阿閦如來
- Cn: Āchùrúlái
- Jp: Ashuku Nyorai
|
| alayavijnana, see store consciousness |
|
- Tib: ཀུན་གཞི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་
kun gzhi rnam par shes pa
- 阿賴耶識, 阿頼耶識
- Cn: ālàiyēshí
- Jp: araya-shiki
- Ko: 아뢰야식, aroeyasik
- Vi: a-lại-da thức
|
| Amitabha Lit. "The Buddha of Infinite Light". The main buddha of the Pure Land school, but is popular in other Mahayana sects as well. The image is of light as the form of wisdom, which has no form. Also interpreted as the Tathagata of Unhindered Light that Penetrates the Ten Quarters by Tan Luan, Shinran and others |
- Sanskrit: amitābha (lit. "limitless light") and amitāyus (lit. "limitless life")
|
- 阿彌陀 or 阿彌陀佛, 阿弥陀 or 阿弥陀仏
- Cn: Ēmítuó or Ēmítuó fó
- Jp: Amida or Amida-butsu
- Ko: 아미타, Amita or 아미타불, Amitabul
- Vi: A-Di-Đà, A-Di-Đà Phật, or Phật A-Di-Đà
- Tib: འོད་དཔག་མེད།
- Mn: ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠸᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠲᠦ;
;
|
| Amoghasiddhi |
|
- Tib: Dön yö drub pa
- Mn: ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ ᠨᠥᠭᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢᠢᠯᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡ᠋᠌᠋᠋ᠺᠴᠢ;
|
| anagarika A white-robed student in the Theravada tradition who, for a few months, awaits being considered for Samaneras ordination |
|
- Thai: อนาคาริก a-na-ka-rik
|
| anapanasati Mindfulness of the breath meditation |
- Pāli: ānāpānasati
- Sanskrit: ānāpānasmṛti
- Bur: အာနာပါန anapana
|
|
| anatta The principle denial of the soul in any phenomena. See also negative theology. |
- Pāli: anattā
- Sanskrit: anātman
|
- Bur: အနတ္တ anatta
- Shan: ဢၼတ်ႉတႃႉ
- 無我
- Cn: wúwǒ
- Jp: muga
- Ko: 무아, mua
- Vi: vô ngã
|
| anicca Impermanence |
- Pāli: anicca
- Sanskrit: anitya
|
- Bur: အနိစ္စ aneissa
- Shan: ဢၼိၵ်ႈၸႃႉ
- 無常
- Cn: wúcháng
- Jp: mujō
- Ko: 무상, musang
- Vi: vô thường
|
| anuttara Unsurpassing |
- Pāli: anuttara
- Sanskrit: anuttara
|
- 阿耨多羅／阿耨多罗 (無上／无上)
- Cn: Ānòuduōluó ("wǔshàng")
- Jp: anokutara
- Ko: 아뇩다라, anyokdara
- Vi: A-nậu-đà-la (vô thượng)
- Fi: Ylittämätön
|
| arhat, lit. "the Worthy One", A living person who has reached Enlightenment |
- Pāli: arahat or arahant
- Sanskrit: arhat or arhant
|
- Bur: ရဟန္တာ yahanda
- Shan: ရႁၢၼ်းတႃႇ rahanta
- Tib: དགྲ་ཅོམ་པ་, dgra com pa
- Mn: архад, arkhad
- 阿羅漢
- Cn: āluóhàn
- Jp: arakan
- Ko: 아라한, arahan
- Vi: a-la-hán
|
| anuttara samyak sambodhi, |
|
- Tib: ,
- Thai: อรหันต์ uh-ra-hann
- 阿耨多罗三藐三菩提
- Cn: ānòuduōluó sānmiǎosānpútí
- Jp: anokutara sanmyakusanbodai
- Ko: 아뇩다라삼먁삼보리, Anyokdara sammyak sambori
- Vi: A-nậu-đà-la tam-miệu tam-bồ-đề, Vô-thượng chánh-đẳng chánh-giác, Sáng-suốt giác-ngộ hoàn-toàn
|
| atman literally "self", sometimes "soul" or "ego". In Buddhism, the predominant teaching is the negating doctrine of anatman, that there is no permanent, persisting atman, and that belief in atman is the prime consequence of ignorance, the foundation of samsara |
- Pāli: atta
- Sanskrit: ātman
|
- Bur: အတ္တ atta
- 我
- Cn: wǒ
- Jp: ga
- Ko: 아, a
- Vi: ngã
|
| Avalokitesvara, lit. "One Who Hears the Suffering Cries of the World", The bodhisattva of compassion (see also Guan Yin) |
- Sanskrit: Avalokiteśvara
- Bur: လောကနတ် lawka nat
|
- Tib: སྤྱན་རས་གཟིགས་ spyan ras gzigs
- Mn: Жанрайсиг, Janraisig
- 觀世音 or 觀音
- Cn: Guānshì Yīn or Guān Yīn
- Jp: Kanzeon or Kannon
- Ko: 관세음, Gwanse-eum or 관음, Gwaneum
- Vi: "Quan Thế Âm Bồ Tát", "Quán Thế Âm Bồ Tát' or "Quan Âm"
|
| avidya "ignorance" or "delusion" |
|
- Pāli: avijjā
- Bur: အဝိဇ္ဇာ aweizza
- Shan: ဢဝိၵ်ႉၸႃႇ awitsa
- Thai: อวิชชา aa-wit-sha
- Tib: མ་རིག་པ་ ma rig-pa
- 無明
- Cn: wúmíng
- Jp: mumyō
- Ko: 무명, mumyeong
- Vi: vô minh
|