Georgian Verb Paradigm - Preverbs

Preverbs

Preverbs in Georgian can either add directionality to a verb, or can change the meaning of the verb entirely. It is also important to the use the appropriate versioner in each case.

Since preverbs are absent in the present series, it is important to consider the role of the verb in the context of the entire sentence as the verb by itself could convey any meaning in the present screeves.

• the verb root -gh-:
  • Preverb a-: a-gh-eb-a, to raise, lift up (preverb a- generally implies an upward motion). (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb amo-: amo-gh-eb-a, to take out. (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb ga-: ga-gh-eb-a, to open. (Used with versioner -a)
  • Preverb gadmo-: gadmo-gh-eb-a, to take down. (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb gamo-: gamo-gh-eb-a, to give forth. (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb mi-: mi-gh-eb-a, to receive. (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb shemo-: shemo-gh-eb-a, to introduce. (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb ts'amo-: ts'amo-gh-eb-a, to carry. (Used with versioner -u)

• the verb root -q'r-:
  • Preverb a-: a-q'r-a, put forth, throw upward. (Used with versioner -i)
  • Preverb ga-: ga-q'r-a, stick, put something through. (Used with versioner -u)
  • Preverb gada-: gada-q'r-a, throw down (preverb gada- generally implies a downward motion). (Used with no versioner, but when used in the meaning "throw down to someone", the -u versioner is used)
  • Preverb gadmo-: gadmo-q'r-a, cast something down. (Used with versioner -a)
  • Preverb da-: da-q'r-a, scatter, drop, let fall. (Used with no versioner)
  • Preverb mo-: mo-q'r-a, ask many questions to someone. (Used with versioner -a)
  • Preverb she-: she-q'r-a, gather together. (Used with no versioner)
  • Preverb cha-: cha-q'r-a, pour something (onto someone's head). (Used with versioner -a)