Geopolitics - Main Schools and Doctrines

Main Schools and Doctrines

The term was coined at the beginning of the 20th century by Rudolf Kjellén (1864–1922), a Swedish political scientist. Kjellén was inspired by the German geographer Friedrich Ratzel, who published a book in 1897 titled Politische Geographie (political geography). The book was later popularized in English by the Hungarian historian Emile Reich and later by the American diplomat Robert Strausz-Hupé, a faculty member of the University of Pennsylvania. Although Halford Mackinder had a pioneering role in the field, he never used the term geopolitics himself.

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