Additional Letters
Some letters were modified to create additional consonants for use in languages other than Ge'ez. This is typically done by adding a line at the top of a similar-sounding consonant.
| Consonant | b | t | d | ṭ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| በ | ተ | ደ | ጠ | |
| Affricated variant | v | č | ǧ | č̣ |
| ቨ | ቸ | ጀ | ጨ |
| Consonant | ḳ | k |
|---|---|---|
| ቀ | ከ | |
| Affricated variant | ḳʰ | x |
| ቐ | ኸ | |
| Labialized variant | ḳhw | xʷ |
| ቘ | ዀ |
| Consonant | s | n | z |
|---|---|---|---|
| ሰ | ነ | ዘ | |
| Palatalized variant | š | ñ | ž |
| ሸ | ኘ | ዠ |
| Consonant | g | ḫʷ |
|---|---|---|
| ገ | ኈ | |
| Nasal variant | ||
| ጘ | ⶓ |
The vocalized forms are shown below. Like the other labiovelars, these labiovelars can only be combined with 5 vowels.
| ä | u | i | a | e | ə | o | wa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| š | ሸ | ሹ | ሺ | ሻ | ሼ | ሽ | ሾ | ሿ |
| ḳʰ | ቐ | ቑ | ቒ | ቓ | ቔ | ቕ | ቖ | |
| ḳhw | ቘ | ቝ | ቛ | ቜ | ቚ | |||
| v | ቨ | ቩ | ቪ | ቫ | ቬ | ቭ | ቮ | ቯ |
| č | ቸ | ቹ | ቺ | ቻ | ቼ | ች | ቾ | ቿ |
| ⶓ | ⶔ | ⶕ | ⶖ |
| ä | u | i | a | e | ə | o | wa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ñ | ኘ | ኙ | ኚ | ኛ | ኜ | ኝ | ኞ | ኟ |
| x | ኸ | ኹ | ኺ | ኻ | ኼ | ኽ | ኾ | |
| xʷ | ዀ | ዂ | ዃ | ዄ | ዅ | |||
| ž | ዠ | ዡ | ዢ | ዣ | ዤ | ዥ | ዦ | ዧ |
| ǧ | ጀ | ጁ | ጂ | ጃ | ጄ | ጅ | ጆ | ጇ |
| ጘ | ጙ | ጚ | ጛ | ጜ | ጝ | ጞ | ጟ | |
| č̣ | ጨ | ጩ | ጪ | ጫ | ጬ | ጭ | ጮ | ጯ |
Read more about this topic: Ge'ez Script, Other Alphabets
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