Galling usually refers to the adhesive wear and transfer of material between metallic surfaces in relative converging contact during sheet metal forming and other industrial operations.
In engineering science and in other technical aspects, the term galling is widespread. The influence of acceleration in the contact zone between materials have been mathematically described and correlated to the exhibited friction mechanism found in the tracks during empiric observations of the galling phenomenon, (see figures 1,2,3 and 4). Due to problems with previous incompatible definitions and test methods, better means of measurements in coordination with greater understanding of the involved frictional mechanisms, have led to the attempt to standardize or redefine the term galling to enable a more generalized use. ASTM International has formulated and established a common definition for the technical aspect of the galling phenomenon in the ASTM G40 standard: "Galling is a form of surface damage arising between sliding solids, distinguished by microscopic, usually localized, roughening and creation of protrusions, (i.e. lumps, see figure 1), above the original surface".
Read more about Galling: Mechanism, Incidence and Location, Prevention, Clarification and Limitations
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“Nothing is so galling to a people not broken in from the birth as a paternal, or in other words a meddling government, a government which tells them what to read and say and eat and drink and wear.”
—Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800–1859)