Multi-plate Clutch Coupling
- Audi A3 quattro, Audi S3, Audi TT quattro, Audi R8 (with Haldex Traction)
- BMW xDrive: latest 3 Series, latest 5 series, X3, latest X5 series
- Chevrolet Equinox (GMPCA)
- Chrysler Pacifica (BorgWarner ITM3e) (on 2007 model)
- Dodge Nitro (Quadra-Trac 1)
- Dodge Caliber
- Ford: Escape, Freestyle, Edge, Fusion, Five Hundred (Freestyle, FiveHundred Haldex Traction based)(Escape Control Trac II, based)
- Honda CR-V, HR-V, Element
- Hyundai Santa Fe, Hyundai Tucson Borg-Warner ITM 3e magnetic multi-plate clutch coupling
- Hyundai Veracruz IMJ magnetic multi-plate clutch coupling
- Infiniti: G35x, M35x
- Jeep Compass (Freedom Drive)
- Jeep Grand Cherokee and SRT8 NVG 249, 247
- Land Rover Freelander 2/LR2 (also Haldex Traction)
- Lamborghini: AWD variants VT series (viscous traction)
- Lincoln: MKS, MKZ
- Mazdaspeed6 (a power takeoff unit linked to clutch pack with torque sensitive rear differential.)
- Mazda: Tribute, CX-7, CX-9 (tribute Control Trac II, based)
- Mercury: Milan, Montego, Mariner (Montego Haldex Traction based)
- Mitsubishi Outlander (current generation)
- Nissan Murano automatic with manual lockup switch
- Porsche 911 AWD variants (a version of BorgWarner ITM3e) — excluding the 964-series Porsche 911 Carrera 4 31/69 planetary center differential
- Pontiac Torrent (GMPCA)
- Subaru low powered automatic transmission models
- Subaru Legacy, Outback, Impreza, Forester, Tribeca automatic transmission models: mechanical front drive, clutch coupled rear axle.
- Suzuki: SX4, XL7, Aerio
- Toyota RAV4 - from 2005 (third generation only)
- Toyota Sienna AWD (2011+ only)
- Volkswagen Golf 4motion, Volkswagen Jetta 4motion, Volkswagen Eos 4motion, Volkswagen Tiguan 4motion, Volkswagen Passat (B6) 4motion (initially viscous coupling, later with Haldex Traction)
- Volvo: S40, S60, S80, V50, V70, XC70, XC90 (Visco system until 2003; then all Haldex Traction-based)
Note: the above all function like 2WD when multi-plate clutch coupling is not engaged (with exception to Subaru models), and like 4WD highrange in a part-time 4WD system when the clutch is engaged (usually by computer although some allow manual control). Some in this category have varying degrees of control in the torque distribution between front and rear via allowing some of the clutches in a multi- plate clutch coupling to engage and slip varying amounts. An example of a system like this is the BorgWarner i-Trac(TM) system. Note: the Haldex Traction-based car list was created from the list on Haldex Traction corporate web site: Haldex Cars. Interestingly, a version of the BorgWarner ITM3e system is used on 2006 and up Porsche 911TT's. The Borg-Warner ITM 3e is also used in the 2006-now Hyundai Santa Fe and the Hyundai Tucson. In the Hyundais, the ITM 3e acts like an full-time AWD with 95:5 normal torque split. In extreme conditions the system can be locked in a 50:50 split via the 4WD LOCK button.
Read more about this topic: Four-wheel Drive, Systems By Design Type
Famous quotes containing the words clutch and/or coupling:
“...I remembered the rose bush that had reached a thorny branch out through the ragged fence, and caught my dress, detaining me when I would have passed on. And again the symbolism of it all came over me. These memories and visions of the poor—they were the clutch of the thorns. Social workers have all felt it. It holds them to their work, because the thorns curve backward, and one cannot pull away.”
—Albion Fellows Bacon (1865–1933)
“The time of the seasons and the constellations
The time of milking and the time of harvest
The time of the coupling of man and woman
And that of beasts. Feet rising and falling.
Eating and drinking. Dung and death.”
—T.S. (Thomas Stearns)