Indications For Use
Advantages to forceps use include avoidance of C-sect, reduction of delivery time, general applicability with cephalic presentation. Complications include the possibility of bruising, deformation, rectovaginal fistula, nerve damage, Descemet's membrane rupture (extraordinarily rare), skull fractures, and cervical cord injury.
- Maternal factors
- Maternal exhaustion
- Prolonged second stage
- Maternal illness; such as heart disease, hypertension, glaucoma, aneurysm, or other things which make pushing difficult or dangerous
- Haemorrhage
- Analgesic drug-related inhibition of maternal effort (especially with epidural/spinal anaesthesia)
- Fetal Factors
- Non-reassuring fetal heart tracing
- After-coming head in breech delivery
Read more about this topic: Forceps In Childbirth
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