Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis - Classification

Classification

Depending on the cause it is broadly classified as:

• Primary, when no underlying cause is found; usually presents as nephrotic syndrome
• Secondary, when an underlying cause is identified; usually presents with kidney failure and proteinuria. This is actually a heterogeneous group including numerous causes such as
  • Infections such as HIV (known as HIV-Associated Nephropathy)
  • Toxins and drugs such as heroin and pamidronate
  • Familial forms
  • Secondary to nephron loss and hyperfiltration, such as with chronic pyelonephritis and reflux, morbid obesity, diabetes mellitus

There are many other classification schemes also.