Flotation (historically spelled floatation) involves phenomena related to the relative buoyancy of objects. The term may refer to:
- Flotation, any material added to the Hull of a watercraft to keep the hull afloat
- Flotation (archaeology), a process to separate plant remains from soil during an Excavation
- Flotation process, in process engineering, a method for the separation of mixtures
- Froth flotation, a process for separating hydrophobic from hydrophilic materials
- Dissolved air flotation (DAF), a water treatment process
- Induced gas flotation, a water treatment process that clarifies wastewaters (or other waters) by the removal of suspended matter such as oil or solids
- Floatation (song), a 1990 electronic music song by The Grid
- Flotation, an initial public offering of stocks or shares in a company
- Flotation therapy, a technique which uses isolation, a device used to prevent drowning