Excision Repair

Excision repair is a term applied to several DNA repair mechanisms. They remove the damaged nucleotides and are able to determine the correct sequence from the complementary strand of DNA.

Specific mechanisms include:

Base excision repair (BER), which repairs damage due to a single nucleotide caused by oxidation, alkylation, hydrolysis, or deamination;
Nucleotide excision repair (NER), which repairs damage affecting 2−30 nucleotide-length strands. These include bulky, helix distorting damage, such as thymine dimerization and other types of cyclobutyl dimerization caused by UV light as well as single-strand breaks. A specialized form of NER known as Transcription-Coupled Repair (TCR) deploys high-priority NER repair enzymes to genes that are being actively transcribed;
Mismatch repair (MMR), which corrects errors of DNA replication and recombination that result in mispaired nucleotides.

This genetics article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

DNA repair

Excision repair	Base excision repair/AP site DNA glycosylase Uracil-DNA glycosylase Poly ADP ribose polymerase Nucleotide excision repair/ERCC XPA XPB XPC XPD/ERCC2 XPE/DDB1 XPF/DDB1 XPG/ERCC5 ERCC1 RPA RAD23A RAD23B Excinuclease DNA mismatch repair MLH1 MSH2

Other forms of repair	Transcription-coupled repair ERCC6 ERCC8 Homology directed repair Non-homologous end joining Ku Microhomology-mediated end joining Postreplication repair Photolyase CRY1 CRY2

Other/ungrouped proteins	Ogt PcrA Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Homologous recombination RecA Sgs1 Slx4

Regulation	SOS box SOS response

Other/ungrouped	8-Oxoguanine Adaptive response Meiotic recombination checkpoint RecF pathway DNA helicase: BLM WRN FANC proteins: core protein complex FANCA FANCB FANCC FANCE FANCF FANCG FANCL FANCM FANCD1 FANCD2 FANCI FANCJ FANCN

See also: DNA repair-deficiency disorder B bsyn: dna (repl, cycl, reco, repr) · tscr (fact, tcrg, nucl, rnat, rept, ptts) · tltn (risu, pttl, nexn) · dnab, rnab/runp · stru (domn, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°)

Famous quotes containing the word repair:

“Billboards, billboards, drink this, eat that, use all manner of things, everyone, the best, the cheapest, the purest and most satisfying of all their available counterparts. Red lights flicker on every horizon, airplanes beware; cars flash by, more lights. Workers repair the gas main. Signs, signs, lights, lights, streets, streets.”
—Neal Cassady (1926–1968)