Equal Pay Act 1970 - Cases

Cases

• Allonby v Accrington and Rossendale College IRLR 224

• Barber v Guardian Royal Exchange Assurance Group (C-262/88) 1 QB 344, definition of pay including occupational pension schemes

• Hayward v Cammell Laird Shipbuilders Ltd (No 2) AC 894, equality clause implication under EqPA 1970 s 1

• Home Office v Bailey IRLR 757, presumption of discrimination with a pay disparity
• Strathclyde Regional Council v Wallace 1 WLR 259, purpose of legislation not fair wages

• Shield v E Coomes Holding Ltd 1 WLR 1408, claimant must prove they are in like work to an actual comparator
• Capper Pass Ltd v Lawton QB 852, work must be 'of the same or a broadly similar nature'
• Eaton Ltd v Nuttall 1 WLR 549, the work may be rated as equivalent under EqPA s 1(5) through a job evaluation scheme which is 'thorough in analysis and capable of impartial application'
• Pickstone v Freemans plc AC 66, a 'token man' defance does not defeat a claim

• Macarthys Ltd v Smith (No 2) QB 180, a predecessor is a valid comparator
• Diocese of Hallam Trustee v Connaughton ICR 860, a successor is a valid comparator

• Leverton v Clywd County Council AC 706, 'common terms and conditions' can include those under collective agreements
• British Coal Corporation v Smith ICR 515, terms and conditions must be 'substantially comparable' not identical
• Lawrence v Regent Office Care Ltd IRLR 822, contracting out, an associated employer and a 'single source' test under art 141 TEC
• Ratcliffe v North Yorkshire County Council ICR 833, contracting out
• North Cumbria Acute Hospitals NHS Trust v Potter IRLR 176, 'single source' test
• Defrenne v Sabena ICR 547 (C-43/75), the 'same establishment or service' definition

• Clay Cross (Quarry Services) Ltd v Fletcher ICR 1, personal factors in the material difference defence
• Rainey v Greater Glasgow Health Board AC 224, labour scarcity or geographical factors in the defence
• Enderby v Frenchay Health Authority ICR 112 (C-127/92), defence through the 'state of the employment market' under the proportionality principle
• Glasgow County Council v Marshall ICR 196, under the SDA 1975 if no evidence of discrimination is found, a pay disparity need not be justified
• Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council v Bainbridge and Surtees v Middlesbrough Borough Council EWCA Civ 885, IRLR 776
• GMB v Allen EWCA Civ 810, IRLR 690