Geohazards and Adverse Geo-conditions
Typical geologic hazards or other adverse conditions evaluated and mitigated by an engineering geologist include:
- fault rupture on seismically active faults ;
- seismic and earthquake hazards (ground shaking, liquefaction, lurching, lateral spreading, tsunami and seiche events);
- landslide, mudflow, rockfall, debris flow, and avalanche hazards ;
- unstable slopes and slope stability;
- erosion;
- slaking and heave of geologic formations, such as frost heaving;
- ground subsidence (such as due to ground water withdrawal, sinkhole collapse, cave collapse, decomposition of organic soils, and tectonic movement);
- volcanic hazards (volcanic eruptions, hot springs, pyroclastic flows, debris flow, debris avalanche, gas emissions, volcanic earthquakes);
- non-rippable or marginally rippable rock requiring heavy ripping or blasting;
- weak and collapsible soils, foundation bearing failures;
- shallow ground water/seepage; and
- other types of geologic constraints.
An engineering geologist or geophysicist may be called upon to evaluate the excavatability (i.e. rippability) of earth (rock) materials to assess the need for pre-blasting during earthwork construction, as well as associated impacts due to vibration during blasting on projects.
Read more about this topic: Engineering Geology
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