The Dutch Miracle refers to the Netherlands's miraculous transition in the 1590s from a possession of the Holy Roman Empire to the foremost maritime and economic power in the world. The phenomenon is summarized by K. W. Swart in his article, The Miracle of the Dutch Republic as Seen in the Seventeenth Century, delivered at University College London 6 November 1967.
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“The French courage proceeds from vanity—the German from phlegm—the Turkish from fanaticism & opium—the Spanish from pride—the English from coolness—the Dutch from obstinacy—the Russian from insensibility—but the Italian from anger.”
—George Gordon Noel Byron (1788–1824)
“How vigilant we are! determined not to live by faith if we can avoid it; all the day long on the alert, at night we unwillingly say our prayers and commit ourselves to uncertainties. So thoroughly and sincerely are we compelled to live, reverencing our life, and denying the possibility of change. This is the only way, we say; but there are as many ways as there can be drawn radii from one centre. All change is a miracle to contemplate; but it is a miracle which is taking place every instant.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)