Du Wenxiu (simplified Chinese: 杜文秀; traditional Chinese: 杜文秀; pinyin: Dù Wénxiù; Wade–Giles:) (1823–1872) was the Chinese Muslim leader of the Panthay Rebellion, a Muslim separatist movement in China during the Qing Dynasty. Born in Yongcheng, Du Wenxiu was the son of a Han Chinese who converted to Islam. His original surname was Yang Xiu before he changed it to Du Wenxiu. He styled himself as the Sultan of Dali and reigned for 16 years. He was beheaded by Qing troops after his death. His body is entombed in Xiadui.