Dinocephalia

Dinocephalia are a clade of large-bodied early therapsids that flourished during a brief time in the Middle Permian between 269 and 263 million years ago (Ma), but became extinct leaving no descendants. Dinocephalians included both herbivorous and carnivorous forms, and many species had thickened skulls with many knobs and bony projections. Dinocephalian fossils are known from Russia, China, Brazil, South Africa, and Zimbabwe.