List of Dictators in Modern Times
This is an incomplete list of dictators in modern times.
Name | Country | In power | Left power | Ideology |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hoxha Enver Enver Hoxha | Albania | 1944 | 1985 | Anti-revisionist Communism (Hoxhaism) |
Ongania Juan Carlos Juan Carlos Onganía | Argentina | 1966 | 1970 | Military dictatorship |
Dollfuss Engelbert Engelbert Dollfuss | Austria | 1932 | 1934 | Nationalism/Fascism |
Lukashenko Alexander Alexander Lukashenko | Belarus | 1994 | present | Constitutional dictatorship |
Getúlio Vargas Getúlio Vargas | Brazil | 1930 | 1945 | Constitutional quasi-fascist dictatorship |
Bolkiah Hassanal Hassanal Bolkiah | Brunei | 1967 | present | Sultanate |
Compaore Blaise Blaise Compaoré | Burkina Faso | 1987 | present | Constitutional dictatorship |
Pol Pot Pol Pot | Cambodia | 1975 | 1979 | Military dictatorship |
Bokassa Jean-Bédel Jean-Bédel Bokassa | Central African Republic | 1966 | 1979 | Anti-communist military dictatorship |
Bozizé François François Bozizé | Central African Republic | 2003 | present | Constitutional dictatorship |
Habré Hissène Hissène Habré | Chad | 1982 | 1990 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Pinochet Augusto Augusto Pinochet | Chile | 1973 | 1990 | Military dictatorship |
Mao Zedong Mao Zedong | China | 1949 | 1976 | Maoism |
Rojas Pinilla Gustavo Gustavo Rojas Pinilla | Colombia | 1953 | 1957 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Nguesso Denis Sassou Denis Sassou Nguesso | Congo | 1979 | 1992 | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Batista Fulgencio Fulgencio Batista | Cuba | 1952 | 1959 | Anti-communist military dictatorship |
Castro Fidel Fidel Castro | Cuba | 1959 | 2008 | Marxist-Leninist Communism |
Gottwald Klement Klement Gottwald | Czechoslovakia | 1948 | 1953 | Communism |
Guelleh Ismaïl Omar Ismaïl Omar Guelleh | Djibouti | 1999 | present | |
Trujillo Rafel Rafael Trujillo | Dominican Republic | 1930 | 1961 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Mubarak Hosni Hosni Mubarak | Egypt | 1981 | 2011 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Nguema Francisco Macias Francisco Macías Nguema | Equatorial Guinea | 1968 | 1979 | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Nguema Mbasogo Teodoro Obiang Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | Equatorial Guinea | 1979 | present | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Afewerki Isaias Isaias Afewerki | Eritrea | 1991 | present |
Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Mengistu Haile Mariam Mengistu Haile Mariam | Ethiopia | 1977 | 1991 | Communist military dictatorship |
Zenawi Meles Meles Zenawi | Ethiopia | 1991 | 2012 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Bainimarama Frank Frank Bainimarama | Fiji | 2006 | present | Military dictatorship |
Petain Philippe Philippe Pétain | France | 1941 | 1945 | Nationalist/Fascist Nazi puppet regime |
Bongo Omar Omar Bongo | Gabon | 1967 | 2009 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Hitler Adolf Adolf Hitler | Germany | 1933 | 1945 | Nazism |
Metaxas Ioannis Ioannis Metaxas | Greece | 1936 | 1941 | Nationalist/Fascist military dictatorship |
Pavelic Ante Ante Pavelic | Croatia | 1940 | 1944 | Fascist military dictatorship |
Rios Montt Efrain Efraín Ríos Montt | Guatemala | 1982 | 1983 | Military dictatorship |
Duvalier Francois François Duvalier | Haiti | 1957 | 1971 | Anti-communist constitutional dictatorship |
Duvalier Jean Claude Jean Claude Duvalier | Haiti | 1971 | 1986 | Anti-communist constitutional dictatorship |
Horthy Miklos Miklós Horthy | Hungary | 1920 | 1944 | Anti-communist/Fascist military dictatorship |
Rákosi Matyas Mátyás Rákosi | Hungary | 1947 | 1956 | Communism |
Sukarno Sukarno | Indonesia | 1945 | 1967 | Nasakom |
Suharto Suharto | Indonesia | 1967 | 1998 | Anti-communist Military dictatorship |
Sukarnoputri Megawati Megawati Sukarnoputri | Indonesia | 2001 | 2004 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Hussein Saddam Saddam Hussein | Iraq | 1979 | 2003 | Ba'athism |
Mussolini Benito Benito Mussolini | Italy | 1922 | 1943 | Fascist military dictatorship |
Gaddafi Muammar Muammar Gaddafi | Libya | 1969 | 2011 | Arab socialism/Pan-Africanism (Gaddafism) |
Mahathir Mohamad Mahathir Mohamad | Malaysia | 1981 | 2003 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Gayoom Maumoon Abdul Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | Maldives | 1978 | 2008 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Santa Anna Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | Mexico | 1833 | 1855 | Military dictatorship |
Diaz Porfirio Porfirio Díaz | Mexico | 1876 | 1911 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Shwe Than Than Shwe | Myanmar | 1992 | 2011 | Military dictatorship |
Somoza Garcia Anastasio Anastasio Somoza García | Nicaragua | 1936 | 1956 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Somoza Debayle Luis Luis Somoza Debayle | Nicaragua | 1956 | 1967 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Kim Il-sung Kim Il-sung | North Korea | 1948 | 1994 | Juche |
Kim Jong-il Kim Jong-il | North Korea | 1994 | 2011 | Juche |
Kim Jong-un Kim Jong-un | North Korea | 2011 | present | Juche |
Ho Chi Minh Ho Chi Minh | North Vietnam | 1954 | 1969 | Communism |
Quisling Vidkun Vidkun Quisling | Norway | 1940 | 1945 | Nazi puppet regime |
Khan Ayub Ayub Khan | Pakistan | 1958 | 1969 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Khan Yahya Yahya Khan | Pakistan | 1969 | 1971 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Zia-ul-Haq Muhammad Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq | Pakistan | 1978 | 1988 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Musharraf Pervez Pervez Musharraf | Pakistan | 1998 | 2008 | Nationalist military dictatorship |
Torrijos Omar Omar Torrijos | Panama | 1968 | 1981 | Military dictatorship |
Noriega Manuel Manuel Noriega | Panama | 1983 | 1989 | Military dictatorship |
Stroessner Alfredo Alfredo Stroessner | Paraguay | 1954 | 1989 | Anti-communist Military dictatorship |
Fujimori Alberto Alberto Fujimori | Peru | 1990 | 2000 | Anti-communist constitutional dictatorship (Fujimorism) |
Marcos Ferdinand Ferdinand Marcos | Philippines | 1972 | 1986 | Constitutional dictatorship |
Pilsudski Jozef Józef Pilsudski | Poland | 1926 | 1935 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Salazar Antonio de Oliveira António de Oliveira Salazar | Portugal | 1932 | 1968 | Fascist/Anti-communist military dictatorship |
Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek | Republic of China | 1927 | 1975 | Chinese nationalism/Anti-communist military dictatorship |
Ceaușescu Nicolae Nicolae Ceaușescu | Romania | 1965 | 1989 | Communism |
Sindikubwabo Théodore Théodore Sindikubwabo | Rwanda | 1994 | 1994 | Nationalist military dictatorship |
Kagame Paul Paul Kagame | Rwanda | 1994 | present | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Abdullah of Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabia | 2005 | present | Islamic monarchy |
Tiso Jozef Jozef Tiso | Slovakia | 1938 | 1945 | Nazi puppet regime |
Bashir Omar Omar al-Bashir | Sudan | 1989 | present | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Assad Hafez Hafez al-Assad | Syria | 1970 | 2000 | Ba'athism |
Assad Bashar Bashar al-Assad | Syria | 2000 | present | Ba'athism |
Barre Siad Siad Barre | Somalia | 1969 | 1991 | Communist military dictatorship |
Rhee Syngman Syngman Rhee | South Korea | 1948 | 1960 | Anti-communist Constitutional dictatorship |
Park Chung-hee Park Chung-hee | South Korea | 1961 | 1979 | Military dictatorship |
Doo-hwan Chun Chun Doo-hwan | South Korea | 1979 | 1988 | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Primo de Rivera Miguel Miguel Primo de Rivera | Spain | 1923 | 1930 | Military dictatorship |
Franco Francisco Francisco Franco | Spain | 1939 | 1975 | Nationalist/Fascist military dictatorship |
Stalin Joseph Joseph Stalin | Soviet Union | 1922 | 1953 | Communism (Stalinism) |
Rahmon Emomalii Emomalii Rahmon | Tajikistan | 1992 | present | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Niyazov Saparmurat Saparmurat Niyazov | Turkmenistan | 1990 | 2006 | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Berdimuhamedow Gurbanguly Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow | Turkmenistan | 2006 | present | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Amin Idi Idi Amin | Uganda | 1971 | 1979 | Military dictatorship |
Museveni Yoweri Yoweri Museveni | Uganda | 1986 | present | Military/Constitutional dictatorship |
Karimov Islam Islam Karimov | Uzbekistan | 1990 | present | Nationalist constitutional dictatorship |
Tito Josip Broz Josip Broz Tito | Yugoslavia | 1945 | 1980 | Socialism (Titoism) |
Mobutu Sese Seko Mobutu Sese Seko | Zaire | 1967 | 1997 | Military dictatorship |
Mugabe Robert Robert Mugabe | Zimbabwe | 1980 | present | Constitutional dictatorship, Black nationalism |
Pahlavi Mohammed Reza Mohammed Reza Pahlavi | Iran | 1941 | 1979 | Monarchy |
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini | Iran | 1979 | 1989 | Islamic Theocracy |
Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamene'i Grand Ayatollah Sayyed Ali Khamene'i | Iran | 1989 | present | Islamic Theocracy |
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