Marcion
Not all Early Christians approved of the use of Jewish scriptures. Marcion rejected the Hebrew Bible and pressed for the acceptance of what was to become part of the New Testament as the Christian canon. In AD 140, he was expelled from the Christian community of Rome and formed a church of his own. For 100 years his followers were to challenge the tenets of other Christian groups. The Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913 characterized Marcion as "perhaps the most dangerous foe Christianity has ever known."
Everett Ferguson in chapter 18 of The Canon Debate quotes Tertullian's De praescriptione haereticorum 30:
| “ | Since Marcion separated the New Testament from the Old, he is necessarily subsequent to that which he separated, inasmuch as it was only in his power to separate what was previously united. Having been united previous to its separation, the fact of its subsequent separation proves the subsequence also of the man who effected the separation. | ” |
Note 61 of page 308 adds:
| “ | Kinzig suggests that it was Marcion who usually called his Bible testamentum . | ” |
Other scholars propose that it was Melito of Sardis who originally coined the phrase "Old Testament", which is associated with Supersessionism.
For most Early Christians, the Hebrew Bible was "Holy Scripture" but was to be understood and interpreted in the light of Christian convictions.
Read more about this topic: Development Of The Old Testament Canon