Descendant or Descendent may refer to:
- Lineal descendant, a blood relative in the direct line of descent
- Collateral descendant, a relative descended from a brother or sister of an ancestor
- Descendant (astrology), the point directly opposite from the Ascendant, or Rising Sign
- Descendents, a punk rock band from southern California
- Descendant (film), a 2003 film thriller starring Katherine Heigl and Jeremy London
- Descendants (film), a 2008 short film
- "The Descendant" (short story), a short story by H. P. Lovecraft
- The Descendants (novel), a novel by Kaui Hart Hemmings
- The Descendants, a 2011 film by Alexander Payne
- A descendant node in a tree structure
- A subordinate in a hierarchy