Post-Trianon Hungary
| Ethnic group |
1495 | 1715 | 1785 | census 1880 | census 1900 | census 1910 | census 1920 | census 1930 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Hungarians | 990,000 | 95.6% | 1,176,000 | 79.1% | 2,103,000 | 79.0% | 4,402,364 | 82.4% | 5,890,999 | 85.9% | 6,730,299 | 88.4% | 7,155,973 | 89.6% | 8,000,335 | 92.1% |
| Germans | 17,000 | 1.6% | 136,600 | 9.2% | 291,900 | 11.0% | 606,363 | 11.3% | 604,751 | 8.8% | 553,179 | 7.3% | 550,062 | 6.9% | 477,153 | 5.5% |
| Slovaks | n.d | n.d. | 37,700 | 2.5% | 130,400 | 4.9% | 199,788 | 3.7% | 192,227 | 2.8% | 165,317 | 2.2% | 141,877 | 1.8% | 104,786 | 1.2% |
| Croats | 1,200 | 0.1% | 58,900 | 4.0% | 71,700 | 2.7% | 59,251 | 1.1% | 68,161 | 1.0% | 62,018 | 0.8% | 58,931 | 0.7% | 47,337 | 0.5% |
| Others | 23,800 | 2.4% | 70,800 | 4.8% | 66,214 | 2.4% | 75,598 | 1.5% | 98,277 | 1.5% | 101,301 | 1.3% | 80,026 | 1.0% | 55,503 | 0.6% |
| Total | 1,032,000 | 1,480,000 | 2,663,214 | 5,343,364 | 6,854,415 | 7,612,114 | 7,986,875 | 8,685,109 | ||||||||
According to the 1920 census 10.4% of the population spoke one of the minority languages as mother language:
- 551,212 German (6.9%)
- 141,882 Slovak (1.8%)
- 23,760 Romanian (0.3%)
- 36,858 Croatian (0.5%)
- 23,228 Bunjevac and Šokci (0.3%)
- 17,131 Serb (0.2%)
- 7,000 Slovenes (0,08%)
The number of bilingual people was much higher, for example 1,398,729 people spoke German (17%), 399,176 people spoke Slovak (5%), 179,928 people spoke Croatian (2.2%) and 88,828 people spoke Romanian (1.1%). Hungarian was spoken by 96% of the total population and was the mother language of 89%. The percentage and the absolute number of all non-Hungarian nationalities decreased in the next decades, although the total population of the country increased. After World War II, about 200,000 Germans were deported to Germany according to the decree of the Potsdam Conference. Under the forced exchange of population between Czechoslovakia and Hungary, approximately 73,000 Slovaks left Hungary. After these population movements Hungary became an ethnically almost homogeneous country except the rapidly growing number of Roma people in the second half of the 20th century.
Read more about this topic: Demographics Of Hungary, Ethnic Groups and Language