Epidemiology
About 1 in 1000 adults per year have DVT, but only limited data exists outside of North American and European populations. VTE is rare in children, with an incidence of about 1 in 100,000 a year. From childhood to old age, incidence increases by a factor of about 1000, with almost 1% of the elderly experiencing VTE yearly. During pregnancy and after childbirth, acute VTE occurs about once per 1000 deliveries. After surgery with preventative treatment, VTE develops in about 10 of 1000 people after total or partial knee replacement, and in about 5 of 1000 after total or partial hip replacement. About 300,000–600,000 Americans develop VTE each year, with about 60,000–100,000 deaths attributable to PE. In England, an estimated 25,000 a year die from hospital-related VTE. For unclear reasons, people of Asian descent have a lower VTE risk than whites.
Around 4–8% of people have a thrombophilia of some form, and prevalence rises to 30–50% in those who develop VTE. The prevalence of thrombophilic states are estimated as follows: 0.5–9% have antithrombin deficiency, 3–9% have protein C deficiency, 1–3% have protein S deficiency, 12–20% have heterozygous factor V Leiden, 6–8% have heterozygous prothrombin G20210A, 0.2–4% have the homozygous case, and 2–4.5% have an allele of each. Non-O blood type is present in around 50% of the general population and varies with ethnicity, but it is present in about 70% of those with VTE.
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