Scotobiology
'The Ecology of the Night' conference created the concept of scotobiology. Scoto(darkness)biology(life) is the study the role of darkness plays in living organisms and how it limits how much light an organism can tolerate.
Humans have always given more credit to light as a biological benefit to an organism than the effects of darkness. Scotobiological studies have proved though that interrupted darkness by light pollution of the night skies holds drastic effects for most organisms; changing their food gathering and feeding habits, their mating and reproduction behavior, migration behaviour (birds and insects) and their social behavior. 30% of vertebrates and 60% of invertebrates are nocturnal, meaning that they depend on darkness. Their everyday behaviors are biologically evolved to adapt in unintereupted darkness. Light pollution would have the highest negative impact on these organisms.
Human health is also adversely affected by the effects of light pollution. Light during night time hours have been linked to human cancers and psychological disorders.
Read more about this topic: Dark-sky Movement