Dalmatian Grammar - Verbs

Verbs

The Dalmatian language does not distinguish between the continuous and simple forms. The present tense is formed from the personal pronoun, the infinitive stem, and the present endings:

Singular

  1. -a, -uo
  2. -e
  3. -a, -uo

Plural

  1. -aime
  2. -aite
  3. -a, -uo

Example: favular (to speak)

Singular

  1. Ju favula (I speak, I am speaking)
  2. Te favule (Thou speakest, thou art speaking)
  3. Jal favula (He speaks, he is speaking)

Plural

  1. Nu favulaime (We speak, we are speaking)
  2. Vu favulaite (Ye speak, ye are speaking)
  3. Jali favula (They speak, they are speaking)

The past tense is formed from the personal pronoun, the infinitive stem, the suffixes -ua or -oua, and the present endings.

Singular

  1. Ju favlua (I was speaking, I spoke)
  2. Te favlue (Thou wast speaking, thou spokest)
  3. Jal favlua (He was speaking, he spoke)

Plural

  1. Nu favluaime (We were speaking, we spoke)
  2. Vu favluaite (Ye were speaking, ye spoke)
  3. Jali favlua (They were speaking, they spoke)

The future tense is formed from the infinitive form (ending in -ar, -ur, or -ro) and the future endings:

Singular

  1. -e
  2. -e
  3. -e

Plural

  1. -me
  2. -te
  3. -e

Examples:

Singular

  1. Ju favulare (I shall speak)
  2. Te favulare (Thou wilt speak)
  3. Jal favulare (He will speak)

Plural

  1. Nu favularme (We shall speak)
  2. Vu favularte (Ye will speak)
  3. Jal favulare (They will speak)

The passive is formed from the past participle (ending in -ait, -oit, or -uat) and the prefixes joi or jai.

Examples:

  1. joi nascoit (is born)
  2. jai glazait (is frozen)
  3. joi talyuat (is cut)

The Dalmatian language has also a conditional form:

  • Sta nuat el foit en maur gheluat, kve tota la jakva joi glazait.
    • Last night it was so cold, and all water has been frozen.

The imperative is formed from the infinitive stem and endings:

  • -ai - second person singular
  • -aite - second person plural

Examples:

  • duai! - give!
  • vedai ! - look!

The imperative can also be formed from the imperative form of the verb "to be" and the infinitive:

  • Saime vedar - Let us go
  • Sait fuot - Let it be

The verb "to be":

Infinitive: Saite

Singular

  1. Ju sai
  2. Te sante
  3. Jal sant

Plural

  1. Nu saime
  2. Vu saite
  3. Jali sant

Read more about this topic:  Dalmatian Grammar

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