History
Crayfish plague first arrived in Europe in Italy in 1859, either with imported crayfish from North America, or in ballast water. After its original introduction in Italy in 1860, it spread quickly through Europe and was discovered in Sweden in 1907, in Spain in 1972, in Norway in 1971, in Great Britain in 1981, in Turkey in 1984 and in Ireland in 1987.
In 1959, to bolster dwindling stocks of native crayfish, the signal crayfish was introduced to Sweden. The signal crayfish was known to be resistant, and it was not recognised at that time that it was a carrier of the disease. After 150 years of contact, no resistance has been discovered in native European crayfish.
Read more about this topic: Crayfish Plague
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—Eugène Ionesco (b. 1912)
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—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
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—Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)