County of Ortenburg - History

History

Little is known about the reasons the Ortenburgs settled in Carinthia. No charters are available on the creation of the Ortenburg Castle on Goldeck mountain above the village of Baldramsdorf in Carinthia, nor about the manner in which the Ortenburgs obtained their property.

In 1072, one Adalbert of Ortenburg, probably a younger son of Count Hartwig II of Grögling-Hirschberg (d. 1068/69), served as a Vogt stattholder in the Carinthian possessions of the Bishops of Freising. His castle Hortenburc was first mentioned in a 1091 deed, and was situated south of the Drava river within the archdiocese of Aquileia, across from Hohenburg Castle of the rivaling Counts in the Lurngau, liensmen of the Salzburg archbishops.

When the Lurn dynasty became extinct in 1135, the Counts of Ortenburg received large estates stretching from Möllbrücke down the Drava Valley to Rennstein near Villach. They also held possessions in the Gegend Valley around Afritz. In 1191 they founded a hospital (Spittl) at the bridge across the Lieser river—site of the later town of Spittal an der Drau. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, Herman and Ulrich of Ortenburg served as Bishops of Gurk. Count Otto II joined the Crusade of 1197 of Emperor Henry VI. About 1330, Count Meinhard of Ortenburg acquired the estates of the extinct Counts of Sternberg between Lake Ossiach and Wörthersee. In the fourteenth century, the dynasty also owned the lands of Gottschee in Lower Carniola, where they founded the town of Kočevje.

Struggling for autonomy against the Dukes of Carinthia, the House of Sponheim, and their Meinhardiner successors, the Ortenburgs avoided open conflict. In 1306, when Meinhardiner Duke Henry of Carinthia reached for the Bohemian crown, the Ortenburgs supported his Habsburg rival, Rudolf. Soon after, their immediate rights were acknowledged by King Albert I of Germany, and later confirmed by Emperor Sigismund in a 1420 deed. Two years before however, the last Count Frederick III of Ortenburg died without heirs and his estates were inherited by Count Hermann II of Celje (Cilli).

When the Counts of Celje themselves became extinct with the killing of Hermann's grandson Ulrich II in 1456, the Counts of Ortenburg-Neuortenburg claimed their ostensible rights, but failed to prove their kinship to the Carinthian Ortenburgs. Their attempts to gain the Ortenburg estates lasted until the eighteenth century, but were all rejected. Instead, Emperor Frederick III of Habsburg took possession of the estates, which his great-grandson Archduke Ferdinand I of Austria granted to his treasurer Gabriel von Salamanca-Ortenburg in 1524.

Today, the ruins of the Ortenburg Castle can still be seen on Goldeck mountain above the village of Baldramsdorf, west of Spittal an der Drau in Carinthia, Austria.