Isolation or Observation of The Conformational Isomers
- Atropoisomers can be quite stable depending on the steric effects and were the first conformational isomers to be identified. In the biphenylic system atropisomerism is especially prevalent, e.g. binaphthol.
- In cyclohexane derivatives, the two chair conformers interconvert with rates on the order of 105ring flips/sec, which obviously precludes their separation. The equatorial conformer crystallizes selectively, and when these crystals are dissolved at very low temperatures, one can directly monitor the approach to equilibrium by NMR spectroscopy.
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