Certain Information
A distinction is made by some authors of game theory literature between complete and certain information. In this context, complete information is used to describe a game in which all players know the type of all the other players, i.e. they know the payoffs and strategy spaces of the other players. Certain information is used to describe a game in which all players know exactly what game they are playing in the sense that they know what the payoff of playing a particular strategy will be given the strategies played by other players. An equivalent way of making the distinction, particularly helpful in the context of extensive form games, is to define a game of incomplete information as any game in which nature moves first and to define a game of uncertain information as any game in which nature moves after the players have moved.
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Famous quotes containing the word information:
“So while it is true that children are exposed to more information and a greater variety of experiences than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated. We always know much more than we understand, and with the torrent of information to which young people are exposed, the gap between knowing and understanding, between experience and learning, has become even greater than it was in the past.”
—David Elkind (20th century)
“As information technology restructures the work situation, it abstracts thought from action.”
—Shoshana Zuboff (b. 1951)