Color Standards
There are three main analog broadcast television systems in use around the world, PAL (Phase Alternating Line), NTSC (National Television System Committee) and SECAM (Séquentiel Couleur à Mémoire—Sequential Color with Memory).
The system used in North America is NTSC. Western Europe, Australia, Africa and Eastern South America use PAL. Eastern Europe used SECAM, but switched to PAL after the change of the political regimes there. France still uses SECAM. Generally, a device (such as a television) can only read or display video encoded to a standard which the device is designed to support; otherwise, the source must be converted (such as when European programs are broadcast in North America or vice versa). Because a tint control is unnecessary in PAL, NTSC has jokingly been said to stand for Never The Same Color or Never Twice the Same Color.
This table illustrates the differences:
NTSC M | PAL B,G,H | PAL I | PAL N | PAL M | SECAM B,G,H | SECAM D,K,K',L | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lines/Fields | 525/60 | 625/50 | 625/50 | 625/50 | 525/60 | 625/50 | 625/50 |
Horizontal Frequency | 15.734 kHz | 15.625 kHz | 15.625 kHz | 15.625 kHz | 15.750 kHz | 15.625 kHz | 15.625 kHz |
Vertical Frequency | 60 Hz | 50 Hz | 50 Hz | 50 Hz | 60 Hz | 50 Hz | 50 Hz |
Color Subcarrier Frequency | 3.579545 MHz | 4.43361875 MHz | 4.43361875 MHz | 3.582056 MHz | 3.575611 MHz | ||
Video Bandwidth | 4.2 MHz | 5.0 MHz | 5.5 MHz | 4.2 MHz | 4.2 MHz | 5.0 MHz | 6.0 MHz |
Sound Carrier | 4.5 MHz | 5.5 MHz | 5.9996 MHz | 4.5 MHz | 4.5 MHz | 5.5 MHz | 6.5 MHz |
Digital television broadcasting standards, such as ATSC, DVB-T, DVB-T2, and ISDB, have superseded these analog transmission standards in many countries.
Read more about this topic: Color Television
Famous quotes containing the words color and/or standards:
“But whenever the roof came white
The head in the dark below
Was a shade less the color of night,
A shade more the color of snow.”
—Robert Frost (18741963)
“Our ego ideal is precious to us because it repairs a loss of our earlier childhood, the loss of our image of self as perfect and whole, the loss of a major portion of our infantile, limitless, aint-I-wonderful narcissism which we had to give up in the face of compelling reality. Modified and reshaped into ethical goals and moral standards and a vision of what at our finest we might be, our dream of perfection lives onour lost narcissism lives onin our ego ideal.”
—Judith Viorst (20th century)