Coastal Zone Management Act - Components

Components

Title 16 Chapter 33- Coastal Zone Management Act

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1451. Congressional findings

Congress found a national interest for the management protection and use of coastal zones. Coastal zones have wealth in different disciplines, and have deep value to the development of the Nation. Many stresses are on the lands of coastal zone, from natural, residential, and industry and there is need to preserve and protect these areas. Some of the ecosystems are threatened by man, if lands aren’t preserved and protected all beneficial use can be lost forever. “In light of competing demands and the urgent need to protect and to give high priority to natural systems in the coastal zone…” Also, due to potential for global warming these areas need to be prepared for any alterations in water levels.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1452. Congressional declaration of policy

Congress declares in its national policy “to preserve, protect, develop, and where possible, to restore or enhance, the resources of the Nation's coastal zone for this and succeeding generations.” This is encouraged through the various states and coastal regions that want to actively participate in local, Federal, and State programs. These programs need to be aware of changes affecting the coastal areas and know how to act in response.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1453. Definitions

A “coastal zone" is defined as the “coastal waters and the adjacent shorelands, as well as includes islands, transitional and intertidal areas, salt marshes, wetlands, and beaches.”

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1454. Management program development grants

These are awarded to coastal states that have developed a management program which has been approved through the Secretary.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1455. Administrative grants

Funds will be awarded through the Secretary to coastal states that establish management programs. States must identify clear boundaries for the coastal zone they wish to monitor and preserve, as well as define the lands subject to management. The State will conduct public hearings for the development of the program. The Governor of the State must also review and approve any changes to the program. Also the State has to ensure a method of regulation for local land and water usage within the defined areas.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1455a. Coastal resource improvement program

The Secretary can award grants to a coastal state to help that state meet such requirement as the preservation or restoration of areas designated under the program or that have coastal resources of national significance. This also means to establish public beaches as well as more public coastal regions and waters. Funding can be used to acquire more lands, and low-cost construction such as fences, parks, and paths.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1455b. Protecting coastal waters

Programs established, or applying for establishment, must give a general purpose for the land uses of the coastal zone. The state must include the critical coastal areas of the set region, establish management procedures, and technical assistance resources. The state needs to identify how it will be engaging public participation, for a community effort, this includes public hearings and the right for public education. States will demonstrate how they will establish coordination amongst local government bodies, state, and federal, and as how the potential boundary modification of the zone will affect the program.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1456. Coordination and cooperation

If other Federal agencies are interested in the program, the Secretary is responsible for coordination of their set activities with this body.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1456-1. Authorization of the Coastal and Estuarine Land Conservation Program

Under the Coastal Zone Management Program and the National Estuarine Reserve System, appropriate cooperation with local agencies, State and other agency will provide the means for protecting these zones. This is to preserve areas that have importance regarding “recreation, ecological, historical, or aesthetic values, or that are threatened by conversion from their natural, undeveloped, or recreational state.” The National Ocean Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) through the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management will administer the programs

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1456a. Coastal Zone Management Fund
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1456b. Coastal Zone Enhancement Grants

Grants will be subject to the limitations of the goals of coastal zone enhancement objectives. This means that the state will aim toward either the protection, restoration or the enhancement of the coastal zone or for the creation of new wetlands. This also includes, protecting and reducing threats to the environment and managing potential hazards; the areas should include public access venues pertaining to aesthetic, historical, or cultural value; and management and prevention of debris.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1456c. Technical assistance

A network will be established by the Secretary to support the development and implementation of the coastal management program into the State.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1457. Public hearings

Hearings will be announced 30 days in advance and will provide documentation of studies and data available for public viewing. This is similar to the effect as documentation of data will be available for public viewing as the agency becomes aware of it.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1458. Review of performance
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1459. Records and audit
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1460. Walter B. Jones Excellence in Coastal Zone Management Awards
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1461. National Estuarine Research Reserve System
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1462. Coastal Zone Management Reports
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1463. Rules and Regulations

The Secretary will develop and rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this chapter, this is subject to influences of local, state, and federal agencies, as to include port authorities and those others interested.

  • 16 U.S.C. § 1464. Authorization of appropriations
  • 16 U.S.C. § 1465. Appeals to the Secretary

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