Classical theism refers to the a form of theism in which God is characterized as the absolutely metaphysically ultimate being (the first, timeless, absolutely simple and sovereign being, who is also devoid of any anthropomorphic qualities), in distinction to another conceptions such as Theistic Personalism, Open Theism and Process Theism. Another fundamental characteristic of classical theism is the idea of God as the cause of the world.
Classical theism is, historically, the mainstream view between philosophers and is associate with the tradition of writers like Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus, Augustine, St. Anselm, Maimonides, Averroes and Thomas Aquinas. In opposition to this tradition, there are, today, philosophers like Alvin Plantinga (who rejects divine simplicity), Richard Swinburne (who rejects divine timelessness) and William Lane Craig (who reject both divine simplicity and timelessness), who can be viewed as theistic personalists.
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