Chronology - Calendar and Era

Calendar and Era

Calendars (list)
Calendar types
  • Lunar
  • Lunisolar
  • Solar
Wide use
  • Astronomical
  • Chinese
  • Gregorian
  • Hebrew
  • Hindu
  • Islamic
    • Crescent
    • Tabular
  • ISO
Selected use
  • Akan
  • Armenian
  • Assyrian
  • Bahá'í
  • Balinese
    • Pawukon
    • Saka
  • Berber
  • Buddhist
  • Burmese
  • Coptic
  • Ethiopian
  • Georgian
  • Igbo
  • Indian
    • Bengali
    • Fasli
    • Hindu
    • Jain
    • Malayalam
    • Saka
    • Tamil
    • Vikram Samvat
  • Iranian
    • Zoroastrian
    • Medieval (Jalali)
    • Modern (Hijri)
  • Irish
  • Japanese
  • Javanese
  • Juche
  • Korean
  • Kurdish
  • Mongolian
  • Nanakshahi
  • Nepal Sambat
  • Thai
    • Lunar
    • Solar
  • Tibetan
  • Vietnamese
  • Xhosa
  • Yoruba
Calendar types
  • Runic
  • Mesoamerican
    • Long Count
    • Calendar round
Christian variants
  • Calendar of saints
  • Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
  • Julian
  • Liturgical year
  • Revised Julian calendar
Historical
  • Aztec
    • Tonalpohualli
    • Xiuhpohualli
  • Babylonian
  • Bulgar
  • Byzantine
  • Celtic
  • Egyptian
  • French Republican
  • Germanic
  • Hellenic
  • Hindu
  • Inca
  • Maya
    • Haab'
    • Tzolk'in
  • Pentecontad
  • Rapa Nui
  • Roman calendar
  • Rumi
  • Soviet
  • Swedish
  • Turkmen
Used by historians
  • Proleptic Julian calendar
  • Proleptic Gregorian calendar
Used by anthropologists
  • Holocene calendar
Alternative
  • Discordian
New Age
  • Dreamspell
Proposed
  • The World Calendar
  • 13-month calendar
Martian
  • Darian
Fictional
  • Middle-earth
  • Stardate
Displays and
applications
  • Economic
  • Perpetual
  • Wall
Year numbering
  • Calendar era
  • Year zero
  • Minguo

The familiar terms calendar and era (within the meaning of a coherent system of numbered calendar years) concern two complementary fundamental concepts of chronology. For example during eight centuries the calendar belonging to the Christian era, which era was taken in use in the 8th century by Bede, was the Julian calendar, but after the year 1582 it was the Gregorian calendar. Dionysius Exiguus (about the year 500) was the founder of that era, which is nowadays the most widespread dating system on earth.

Read more about this topic:  Chronology

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