Altered Chords
Main article: Altered chordAlthough the third and seventh of the chord are always determined by the symbols shown above, the fifth, ninth, eleventh and thirteenth may all be chromatically altered by accidentals (the root cannot be so altered without changing the name of the chord, while the third cannot be altered without altering the chord's quality). These are noted alongside the element to be altered. Accidentals are most often used in conjunction with dominant seventh chords. "Altered" dominant seventh chords (C7alt) may have a flat ninth, a sharp ninth, a diminished fifth or an augmented fifth (see Levine's Jazz Theory). Some write this as C7+9, which assumes also the flat ninth, diminished fifth and augmented fifth (see Aebersold's Scale Syllabus). The augmented ninth is often referred to in blues and jazz as a blue note, being enharmonically equivalent to the flat third or tenth. When superscripted numerals are used the different numbers may be listed horizontally (as shown) or else vertically.
| Component notes | Chord symbol | Audio | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seventh augmented fifth | dominant seventh | augmented fifth | C7+5, C7♯5 | Play |
| Seventh flat ninth | dominant seventh | minor ninth | C7-9, C7♭9 | Play |
| Seventh sharp ninth | dominant seventh | augmented ninth | C7+9, C7♯9 | Play |
| Seventh augmented eleventh | dominant seventh | augmented eleventh | C7+11, C7♯11 | Play |
| Seventh flat thirteenth | dominant seventh | minor thirteenth | C7-13, C7♭13 | Play |
| Half-diminished seventh | minor seventh | diminished fifth | Cø, Cm7♭5 | Play |
Read more about this topic: Chord (music)
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