Chapter VII Resolutions
Most Chapter VII resolutions (1) determine the existence of a threat to the peace, a breach of the peace, or an act of aggression in accordance with Article 39, and (2) make a decision explicitly under Chapter VII. However, not all resolutions are that explicit, there is disagreement about the Chapter VII status of a small number of resolutions. As a reaction to this ambiguity, a formal definition of Chapter VII resolutions has recently been proposed:
- "A Security Council Resolution is considered to be 'a Chapter VII resolution' if it makes an explicit determination that the situation under consideration constitutes a threat to the peace, a breach of the peace, or an act of aggression, and/or explicitly or implicitly states that the Council is acting under Chapter VII in the adoption of some or all operative paragraphs."
Chapter VII resolutions are very rarely isolated measures. Often the first response to a crisis is a resolution demanding the crisis be ended. This is only later followed by an actual Chapter VII resolution detailing the measures required to secure compliance with the first resolution. Sometimes dozens of resolutions are passed in subsequent years to modify and extend the mandate of the first Chapter VII resolution as the situation evolves.
The list of Chapter VII interventions includes:
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 82 (Korea)
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267 (Afghanistan)
- United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
- United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
- United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone
- United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda
- United Nations Angola Verification Mission II
- United Nations Operation in Somalia II
- United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
- United Nations Protection Force
- Oil-for-Food Programme
- United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 665 (Gulf War)
- United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 (Libya)
- See also Timeline of United Nations peacekeeping missions, some of which were created under the authority of Chapter VI rather than VII
Read more about this topic: Chapter VII Of The United Nations Charter
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