Certificate (complexity) - Example

Example

L = {<, x, w> | does accept x in |w| steps?} Show L ∈ NP. verifier: gets string c = , x, w such that |c| <= P(|w|) check if c is an accepting computation of M on x with at most |w| steps |c| <= O(|w|3) if we have a computation of a TM with k steps the total size of the computation string is k2 Thus, <, x, w> ∈ L ⇔ there exists c <= a|w|3 such that <, x, w, c> ∈ V ∈ P

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