Cebuano Grammar - Demonstratives

Demonstratives

Cebuano demonstratives are as follows:

Case	Absolutive		Ergative		Oblique
Distance	Full*	Short*	Full*	Short*	'NG-'**	'D-'**
Proximal (Very near speaker)	kiri kari	ri	niiri niari	iri ari ri	ngari	diri
Medioproximal (Near speaker)	kini kani	ni	niini niani	ini ani ni	nganhi	dinhi
Medial† (Near Addressee)	kana	na	niana	ana	nganha	diha dinha
Distal (Remote)	kadto	to	niadto	adto	ngadto	didto

* When the demonstrative is used as a predicate, the full form must be used.
** Both forms, those beginning with 'ng-' and those with 'd-', are interchangeable and correspond to the deictives below.
† Although not represented in the orthography, forms in this row end in a glottal stop:
kana /kanaˀ/, na /naˀ/, niana /niˀanaˀ/, nganha /ŋanhaˀ/, diha /dihaˀ/, dinha /dinhaˀ/.

Examples:

Unsa kini/ni?
What's this?
Kinsa kana/na?
Who is that?
Gikan ning sulata sa Presidente sa Pilipinas.
This letter is from the President of the Philippines
Mangaon sila didto.
They will eat there.
Mikaon kadtong mga tawo ug mga bata didto sa piyasta/pista.
The people and children have already ate some of that in the festival.