Function
CD135 is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase. When this receptor binds to Flt3L it forms a dimer with itself (homodimer) that activates its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, which in turn phosphorylates and activates signal transduction molecules that propagate the signal in the cell. Signaling through CD135 plays a role in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. CD135 is important for lymphocyte (B cell and T cell) development, but not for the development of other blood cells (myeloid development).
Two cytokines that down modulate FLT3 activity (& block FLT3-induced hematopoietic activity) are:
- TNF-Alpha (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha)
- TGF-Beta (Transforming growth factor-beta)
TGF-Beta especially, decreases FLT3 protein levels and reverses the FLT3L-induced decrease in the time that hematopoietic progenitors spend in the G1-phase of the cell cycle.
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