CAV and Cav may refer to:
- Cav., in botany, a designator for plants named by Antonio José Cavanille
- Cavalleria rusticana, an opera often played as a double bill with Pagliacci, and then referred to as the Cav/Pag
- Cav Daily, or The Cavalier Daily, a student newspaper at the University of Virginia
- CAV-TV, or Cavalier TV, the official student news broadcast of the University of Virginia
- CAV Murcia 2005, or Club Atlético Voleibol, a Spanish volleyball club
- CAV Thakral Home Entertainment Co, Ltd., a Chinese DVD and CD distributor
- CAV M9M1, a Brazilian submachine gun
- Chicken anaemia virus, a virus that affects poultry
- Clarion Municipal Airport, in Clarion, Iowa, IATA airport code CAV
- Combat Assault Vehicle, a miniatures wargame
- Compressed air vehicle, a vehicle powered by an air engine
- Computer Aided Verification, an annual academic computer science conference
- Constant air volume, a type of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system
- Constant Angular Velocity, a qualifier for the rated speed of an optical disc drive
- Consumer Affairs Victoria, a government agency in Victoria, Australia
- Curia advisari vult, or c.a.v., a Latin legal term meaning "the court wishes to be advised"
- Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin (doxorubicin), and vincristine, a combination chemotherapy regimen for lung cancer
- Lucas CAV, former automotive electrical manufacturer based in Britain
- Mark Cavendish, British cyclist
- X-41 Common Aero Vehicle, a classified U.S. military space plane