Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer (October 22, 1765 – August 14, 1844) was a German biologist and naturalist born in Bebenhausen, today part of the city of Tübingen.
He initially studied at Karlsschule Stuttgart, then furthered his education at the University of Göttingen (1786-88), where he had as instructors Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich Gmelin and Georg Christoph Lichtenberg. Afterwards he returned to Karlsschule Stuttgart, where in 1792 he was appointed professor of chemistry.
In 1796 he became a professor of chemistry and botany at the University of Tübingen, where he established the Botanischer Garten der Universität Tübingen in 1804. In 1816 he returned to Stuttgart as scientific director of the Royal Library, botanical garden, et al. He died in Stuttgart.
Kielmeyer was a pioneer of Naturphilosophie, and was an important influence on the career of philosopher Friedrich Schelling. He was a prominent figure in pre-Darwinian evolutionary science, being remembered for development of an early theory of biological recapitulation. He published little in his lifetime, and much of what is known about his scientific philosophy is derived from lectures he gave.
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