Features
While there is no formal definition for cardiac syndrome X, the general consensus is that it entails all of the following:
- Angina: This usually does not cause dysfunction on echocardiogram and can last longer than that of heart disease.
- Abnormal Cardiac stress test: ST changes are typically similar to those of coronary artery disease and opposite of those with Prinzmetal's angina. Myocardial perfusion imaging can be abnormal in 30% of patients.
- Coronary angiogram: Normal
- Other causes of chest pain must be ruled out, including:
- Prinzmetal's angina
- Esophageal spasm
Read more about this topic: Cardiac Syndrome X
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