Calpurnia can refer to:
In ancient Rome:
- Gens Calpurnia, a noble family
- Calpurnia Pisonis, third and last wife of Julius Caesar
- Calpurnia, third and last wife of Pliny the Younger and grand-daughter of Calpurnius Fabatus
- Lex Acilia Calpurnia (67 BC), a severe law against political corruption
- Lex Calpurnia (149 BC), a law that established a permanent extortion court
In science:
- Calpurnia (genus), a genus in the family Fabaceae composing of shrubs and other small trees, usually found in southern Africa
- 2542 Calpurnia, an asteroid discovered by E. Bowell on 11 February 1980
Other:
- Calpernia Addams, American transgender author and activist
- Calpurnia, African-American cook and maid for the Finch family in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird
- Calpurnia Virginia Tate, main character in the novel The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate