Calderón is a Spanish surname. It is derived from the Vulgar Latin "caldaria" ("cauldron"). Its Italian equivalent is Calderone, its French equivalent is Cauderon, its Romanian equivalent is Căldăraru. Calderón may refer to the following people:
- Alberto Calderón, Argentine mathematician
- Bernardo Calderón Cabrera, Mexican architect
- Diego de Landa Calderón, an early Bishop in the Yucatán
- Felipe Calderón, President of Mexico
- Felipe G. Calderón, Filipino constitutionalist
- Francisco García Calderón Landa, President of Peru in 1881
- Francisco García Calderón Rey, Peruvian writer and diplomat, representative at the Evian Conference in 1938
- Iñigo Calderón, Spanish footballer playing at Brighton & Hove Albion* Iván Calderón (boxer), Puerto Rican boxer
- Iván Calderón (baseball), Puerto Rican baseball player
- Jorge Calderón, long-time musical collaborator with Warren Zevon
- José Calderón (basketball), Spanish basketball player, currently of the NBA Toronto Raptors
- José Luis Calderón, Argentine footballer
- José Luis Calderón Cabrera, Mexican architect
- José Manuel Calderón (musician), Dominican singer, songwriter and musician. Is recognized as the pioneer of the genre bachata, was the first to record a bachata.
- Juan Manuel Santos Calderón, President-elect of Colombia
- María Calderón, Spanish actor
- Mercedes Calderón, Cuban volleyball player
- Paco Calderón, Mexican political cartoonist
- Paul Calderón, American actor
- Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Spanish dramatist
- Philip Hermogenes Calderon, British painter of Spanish origin
- Rafael Ángel Calderón, father and son Costa Rican presidents
- Ramón Calderón, former Real Madrid president
- Ronald Calderon or Charles M. Calderon, brothers and concurrent Californian politicians
- Serafín Estébanez Calderón, Spanish author (1799–1867)
- Sila María Calderón, Governor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (2000–2004)
- Tego Calderón, Puerto Rican rapper