Other Issues
While track gauge is the most important factor preventing through running between adjacent systems, other issues can also be a hindrance, including structure gauge, loading gauge, axleloads, couplings, brakes, electrification systems, signalling systems, multiple unit controls, rules and regulations, driver certification and language. The structure gauge, loading gauge and axleload problem are solved by simply using the smaller ones for through running. The general solution is often to custom-build vehicles that fit all the standards they shall follow. Trains can be built to accept two voltages and to have double signaling systems equipment etc.
Read more about this topic: Break-of-gauge
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