Bollinger Bands is a technical analysis tool invented by John Bollinger in the 1980s, and a term trademarked by him in 2011. Having evolved from the concept of trading bands, Bollinger Bands and the related indicators %b and bandwidth can be used to measure the highness or lowness of the price relative to previous trades.
Bollinger Bands consist of:
- an N-period moving average (MA)
- an upper band at K times an N-period standard deviation above the moving average (MA + Kσ)
- a lower band at K times an N-period standard deviation below the moving average (MA − Kσ)
Typical values for N and K are 20 and 2, respectively. The default choice for the average is a simple moving average, but other types of averages can be employed as needed. Exponential moving averages are a common second choice. Usually the same period is used for both the middle band and the calculation of standard deviation.
Read more about Bollinger Bands: Purpose, Indicators Derived From Bollinger Bands, Interpretation, Effectiveness, Statistical Properties, Bollinger Bands Outside of Finance
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