The Battle of Parma was fought on February 18, 1248 between the forces of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II and the Guelphs. The Guelphs attacked the Imperial camp when Frederick II was away. The Imperial forces were defeated and much of Frederick's treasure was lost.
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An de walls come tumblin down.”
—Unknown. Joshua Fit De Battle of Jericho (l. 13)
“How good bad music and bad reasons sound when we are marching into battle against an enemy.”
—Friedrich Nietzsche (18441900)
“I know I have the body of a weak, feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a kingand of a King of England too, and think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe, should dare to invade the borders of my realm; to which, rather than any dishonour should grow by me, I myself will take up armsI myself will be your general, judge, and rewarder of every one of your virtues in the field.”
—Elizabeth I (15331603)